Senate bill calls for restriction of cold medicine sales.

The legislation would require stores to sell Sudafed, Nyquil and other medicines containing pseudoephedrine only from behind the pharmacy counter. In makeshift labs across the country, the ingredient has been extracted and used to cook meth.

Prevent Customers from Exceeding Limits

Consumers would have to show a photo ID, sign a log, and be limited to 7.5 grams -- or about 250 30-milligram pills -- in a 30-day period. Computer tracking would prevent customers from exceeding the limit at other stores, according to the bipartisan bill co-sponsored by Sens. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., and Jim Talent, R-Mo.

Authorities said Thursday that Walgreen Co. agreed to pay $1.3 million to settle claims that it broke state and federal laws by failing to monitor sales of over-the-counter cold medicine that can be used to make methamphetamine. The company also agreed to spend $1 million to monitor purchases of the medicine. It did not admit to any wrongdoing.

Concerns Over States' Rights

The Feinstein-Talent measure had been stalled in committee for several weeks over concerns that it could stop states from enacting their own rules on cold medicine sales. It was modeled after an Oklahoma law that took effect last year, and Sen. Tom Coburn, R-Okla., complained it could interfere with his state's rules.

The bill was approved by voice vote after lawmakers accepted an amendment by Coburn that would allow states to adopt and enforce their own rules, as long as they are at least as strict as those set out in the federal law.

Another amendment, by Sen. Orrin Hatch, R-Utah, would delay the implementation date of the legislation until Jan. 1, 2007, for products containing pseudoephedrine in combination with other ingredients. For products in which pseudoephedrine is the only active ingredient, the restrictions would take effect 90 days after enactment.

"Today is a good day in the fight against methamphetamine. We're one step closer to enacting a national meth bill that would put thousands of meth labs out of business," Feinstein said.

But Coburn's amendment could renew resistance from retailers who don't want to deal with a patchwork of state regulations on cold medicine sales.

A Series of Compromises

"We made the strong argument that if you wanted retailers to enforce this law across the country with vigor and with correctness, you needed to have a national standard so we didn't have to train all of our employees differently," said John Motley, senior vice president of government and public affairs for the Food Marketing Institute, which represents grocery stores and other retailers.

After initial opposition to the bill, retailers had been won over with a series of compromises, including an exception for stores without a pharmacist on duty, such as convenience stores and some grocery chains. That exception allowed states to work with the Drug Enforcement Administration to license certain employees who are not pharmacists to sell the medicines.

The bill also contains an airport exemption that would allow sales of single packages of cold medicine by stores inside airports.

In addition, Coburn's amendment says states can choose to allow over-the-counter sales of children's cold medicine containing 15 milligrams or less of pseudoephedrine, something Coburn believed was needed so parents could respond quickly to children's illnesses.

Coburn said he thought most retailers would eventually come on board.

"A little bit of discomfort for the retailers isn't going to hurt them, because the goal ultimately is to help people," he said.

Talent and Feinstein said they hoped to get the bill passed by the full Senate in September. A similar measure has been introduced in the House by Rep. Roy Blunt, R-Mo.